Air & Missile Defense

Air and Missile Defense Market is a blended market that includes Missile, Radar, EO/IR, Military Communication, C2, and PGW, as well as Green Platforms (Ship, Aircraft, Vehicle, Spacecraft and UAV systems), that singularly, in combination or as part of integrated systems, are designed to defeat aircraft and missile attacks.

This document contains definitions for the market, customer missions, and market subsystem types.

The Air & Missile Defense Market includes:

Sensors systems and products (radar & EO/IR) with intended primary mission of A&MD;
Weapon systems and products (Missile & PGW) with intended primary mission of A&MD;
Platforms (aircraft, ships, vehicles, spacecraft and unmanned systems) with intended primary mission of A&MD;
C3 systems and products (C2 and Comm) with intended primary mission of A&MD;
R&D, production and significant modification of A&MD Systems and products;
Significant A&MD system upgrades, modernization or refurbishment programs;
Service and Support contracts for A&MD applications.

The Air & Missile Defense Market does not include:

Air-to-air missiles, rockets, and guns. These are considered to be part of the counter air mission and not strictly defensive.
Company-funded research and development for A&MD systems and products;
Government budget for overhead and program management for A&MD programs;
Sensor, weapon, platform or C3 systems occasionally used for A&MD, but without primary mission of A&MD.

Air & Missile Defense Customer Function

Air and Missile Defense C2Systems	Primarily used for resource asset management associated with air and/or missile defense operations.
Air and Missile Defense (vehicle)	This category is for all self-propelled vehicles that carry sensors and weapons (guns or missiles) intended to engage and destroy enemy airborne targets of all types.
Air Search	Air Search radars can be either ship or land based. These radars are used to search large areas in the sky for airborne objects such as aircraft, cruise missiles, rockets, artillery, and precision guided weapons. Air Search Radars provide tracking information on airborne targets to Search/Track/Target or fire control radars.
Air Superiority	Aircraft whose primary design and use is to deny an adversary any access to or operational capability in, the airspace.
Air Traffic Control	Designed for en route and/or terminal air traffic management and control activities.
Ambulance -	Are typically one variant of wheeled or tracked vehicles, of military family of vehicles converted to ambulances. They are usually armored to the same degree as other variants with a different medical mission systems package.
Amphibious	Vessels, craft, and vehicles designed for transport, delivery and sustainment of troops, vehicles and equipment over the shore into the battlefield.
Anti-Aircraft	Primarily used against aircraft targets.
Anti-Armor	Primarily used against armored and bunker targets.
Anti-Missile	Primarily used against missiles or precision-guided weapons.
Anti-Munition	Primarily used for self-defense against artillery and rocket propelled grenades.
Anti-Personnel	Primarily used against personnel.
Anti-RF	Primarily used against systems emitting RF signals.
Anti-Ship	Primarily used against sea-based targets.
Anti-Tank Vehicle	These are tracked or wheeled vehicles solely dedicated to tank destruction via ambush. They are typically used in coordination with tanks. The weapon can be an ATGM (anti-tank guided missile) or large caliber cannon.
Armored Personnel Carrier (APC)	These vehicles, generally tracked, are primarily intended to transport small numbers of troops (less than 20) under some level of armored protection. APC vehicles may have some water or river crossing capability and therefore be referred to as having an amphibious capability, but they are not intended as “ocean-going” amphibians for use in amphibious assault from ships. They are usually armed and operate in coordination with tanks providing their primary defense. Vehicles originally designed as APCs are often extensively modified for other missions, including light assault, reconnaissance, command and control. Unless we have explicit detailed information on these modified platforms we include them within the APC functional category.
ATC Mil-Radar	Designed for en route and/or terminal air traffic management and control activities with highly developed integrator and transponder features as well as cold radar hits.
ATC-Mil C2	Systems primarily used for the management of air traffic operations and control.
Attack Sub	Typically designated SSN, attack submarines are primarily hunter-killer oriented. Modern attack submarines can attack land targets as well as sea targets.
Ballistic Sub	Typically designated SSBN, ballistic submarines are uniquely designed for the mission of land target strategic strike.
Battle Management C2	Systems primarily used for resource asset management associated with tactical battle operations, engagements and systems.
Bomber	A high value strike and attack aircraft typically having strategic range capabilities, crew, engine, endurance, and multiple weapon payload options.
Bridging Vehicle	These are tracked or wheeled vehicles that carry a variety of metal bridge sections. They are used by mechanized forces, both armored and unarmored. Tracked variants typically are converted from tank chassis and carry a folding metal bridge instead of a turret. Wheeled bridging vehicles are similar in bridge technology however; the bridge load capability is typically lower.
Carrier	Ocean and sea-going vessels capable of functioning as full service airfields for aircraft designed for such operations.
Coastal/Patrol	Non-ocean, non-sea going vessels occasionally lightly armed and used for search, rescue and border enforcement.
Combat	A platform or system which is dedicated to combat operations.
Combat Support C2	Systems primarily used for combat support
Combat Support/Engineering (Vehicle)	These vehicles cover a wide variety of vehicles used for combat vehicle repair and retrieval, mine clearing, construction, medical support or any other vehicles operating in close proximity to fighting vehicles but generally unarmed, or only lightly armed for self-defense. It includes vehicles originally intended for another functional category that have been significantly modified for combat support missions.
Command Post Vehicle	These are vehicles used for command and control. They typically have no offensive weapon systems but instead have advanced radio and communication equipment for commanders and staff to exercise command and coordinate air and artillery support.
Command Ship	A ship equipped to act as a mobile, floating command center for control and co-ordination of local, regional, and/or worldwide operations.
Command/Theater C2	Systems primarily used for resource asset management at the Command or Theater level of operations to optimize force management.
Communication	Space System with a primary mission of military data transmission including Voice, Video and/or Data, but not including Telecommunications.
Corvette	Small, lightly armed vessel, originally smaller than a frigate and larger than a coastal patrol craft; some recent designs resemble frigates in size and role.
Counter-Battery	Systems designed to detect, track and fix the origin of ballistic ordnance (e.g., rockets, mortars and artillery shells.
Cruiser	Dreadnoughts upward of 15K tons displacement or designated as a cruiser by the builder and/or user.
Cyber Attack	hardware, software, and services whose primary purpose is to attack and/or exploit civilian and military computer networks and the data they contain.
Cyber Security	hardware, software, and services whose primary purpose is to protect civilian and military computer networks and the data they contain. Cyber Security also includes response to attack/exploitation efforts that are defensive in nature.
Cyber Support	hardware, software and services whose primary purpose is related supporting roles such as maintenance, sustainment, education/training and compliance/governance.
Decoy Launcher	a reusable tubed system used for launching expendable decoys, and evasion devices that are used for self-defense by concealing, diverting, or defeating systems that are attempting to discover, track, or target friendly forces.
Decoys	Decoys are systems, devices and technology primarily used to create an alternate target(s) environment (decoy) to deflect attacking system away from their intended target.
Destroyer	Combat ships in the 5K to 15K ton displacement range and designated as a destroyer by the builder and/or user.
Early Warning	Primarily used for very long range detection and tracking of airborne or space borne objects.
ESM Receiver	A passive listening system that detects and provides the ability to analyze, record and/or automatically recognize intercepted signals. Electronic Support Measure (ESM) receivers can range from the relatively simple to the highly sophisticated.
EW Suite (EO/IR)	Used to identify electronic warfare countermeasures systems operating in the EO/IR electromagnetic frequency spectrum and employing more than one protective or attacking feature.
EW Suite (Radar)	Used to identify electronic warfare countermeasures systems operating in the radar electro-magnetic frequency spectrum and employing more than one protective or attacking feature.
Fire Control	Primarily used to direct selected weapon(s) to their designated target.
Frigate	Combat and special mission vessels typically smaller than a destroyer but designated as a Frigate by the builder and user.
Ground Support	Aircraft with the primary design, loiter and range to support attacking and/or defending military ground operations.
Gun	a breech-loaded, tubed weapon greater than 57mm caliber and capable of firing PGWs. Includes both direct fire and indirect fire weapons
Gun/Launcher Sight	Primarily used as sights for targeting. These are fairly simple sights and are associated with things like MANPADS, etc.
HLS C2	Systems primarily used for the management of Home Land Security resources and assets.
Icebreaker	Ships with high-strength hulls and excess power capable of breaking sea ice to allow other ships to navigate regions with seasonal or permanent ice cover. May also provide logistic and scientific research support and fulfill patrol tasks in polar regions.
IFF/Identification	Active or passive non-radar systems and devices employing communications methods for interrogation, responding and identification.
Infantry Fighting Vehicles and Light Attack Vehicles	This category covers a broad span of combat vehicles, often wheeled rather than tracked. They are usually lightly armed and carry a small number of troops under arms. This category includes a broad range of vehicle sizes and weights from small “desert rat” type vehicles to 19-ton Stryker-sized vehicles and larger.
Intel/Surveillance	Ships equipped to collect information on adversary operations and technology by means of passive interception and analysis of communications and other electronic signals, and/or collection of acoustic intelligence in the undersea domain. May include electronic countermeasures/jamming capability.
ISR C2	Systems which by design are primarily focused on intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance operations and management and, to a lesser extent, management of Air and Missile Defense, Battle Management, strategic, tactical or space operational resources and assets.
ISR Data Link	Used to rapidly transmit a large amount of data and/or video from ISR collection platforms and use higher frequencies and shorter wavelengths to achieve the high data rates required. Examples include the Common Data Link (CDL), Tactical Common Data Link (TCDL), Multi-Platform Common Data Link (MP-CDL) and the Common Data Link-Navy (CDL-N).
Jammer	Primarily active countermeasure systems that operate to defeat attacking systems.
Launch	This category contains launch booster vehicles used to place space systems into orbit or beyond. Launch boosters are generally expendable and do not conduct any continuing part of the space system’s function after launch.
Launcher-Grenade	A system for launching a grenade above 57mm diameter.
Launcher-UAV	Air, land, sea device to hold and launch a UAV MultiRole Combat (aircraft)
Logistic Support C2	Systems primarily used for the management of logistic support operations and control, not including infrastructure support.
Logistics/Support	Naval auxiliary ships which have the capability to support the fleet with liquids, solid stores, and spares while underway and/or alongside.
Logistics Support (Vehicle)	This category includes a wide variety of vehicles not primarily intended for direct contact with the enemy. Large trucks of all types are in this category, including fire trucks for use at military airfields. The vehicles in this category are often Commercial Off-the-Shelf (COTS) or COTS-derived. This category includes most of the HMMWV (High Mobility Multi-purpose Wheeled Vehicle) and its variants.
Maintenance Simulator	Used to train military personnel on the repair and maintenance tasks for a specific platform or system. Example: Stryker maintenance trainer.
Meteorological	Used for the monitoring of weather and atmospheric conditions.
Mine Warfare	Primarily used to lay land and sea-based mines or to neutralize them by sweeping or direct attack.
Missile Launcher	Reusable device used to launch guided missiles and guided rockets
Mission Simulator	Simulates the platform (e.g. aircraft) in the environment in which it typically operates, enabling training in all aspects of a realistic mission scenario. This category also includes part-task trainers used to train warfighters on specific procedures related to an individual task on a platform. Examples: loadmaster trainer, weapons loading trainer.
Mortar	a muzzle-loaded, tubed weapon greater than 57mm caliber capable of firing PGWs at low velocities, over short ranges, and at high trajectories.
Multiple RF Functions	This category includes any instance when the record involves more than one RF electronics functional segmentation category, for example, F-35 ICNI where several communications and avionics functions reside in one set of host processors.
Multirole	This category includes any instance where the record involves more than one functional segmentation category.
Multi-Role Combat	Aircraft designed for multi-role military combat missions and for use when the mission or aircraft function is largely decided upon by the sortie weapon payload(s).
Multi-Role Electronic	Any one of several aircraft types especially designed and operating with various C2 and/or ISR payloads, characterized by low quantity, high value, and combat adverse features.
Multi-Role ISR	A platform or system which can accomplish more than one ISR mission, for example collecting imagery as well as signals intelligence.
Multi-Role Strike	A platform or system which is used for multiple roles in addition to its Strike and Combat duties, for example it may also be used for ISR purposes.
Multi-Target	Can be used against multiple target types.
Navigation	Primarily used for map-of-the-earth flight control, obstacle avoidance and other point-to-point navigation requirements using selected grid coordinate system.
Network Infrastructure	Computers, data storage, displays, wired and wireless links, cell-phones and other handheld devices, software applications, encryption and information assurance that provide fixed infrastructure to C2ISR facilities and databases in the home country and within forward operating bases linked by commercial SATCOM and fiber optic cables. This infrastructure is non-tactical in nature. COTS IT serves this segment and encrypted civilian networks provide the links; the encryption at the device level is often the exception to COTS.
Night Vision	Used to enable sight in low-light conditions.
Nuclear	missile system whose primary payload is a nuclear device.
Platform Intercom Systems	Networks internal to the platform that connect devices and their operators inside the platform with each other and with an external network through a network node which is an external communications device.
Platform Simulator	Provides training on the overall operation of aircraft, ships, spacecraft or ground vehicles.
Radar Altimeter	Single-function, active fixed-aperture aircraft system operating in the radar portion of the electromagnetic frequency spectrum, providing information on the aircraft height above ground level (AGL).
Recovery Vehicle	These can be tracked or wheeled, and are usually built on the chassis of the vehicle in the same class as they are supposed to recover. They have a variety of recovery equipment but normally have an A-Frame crane, a main towing winch and towing package. They are normally armored and built on the chassis of a main battle tank or other armored fighting vehicles.
Salvage/Rescue	Ships equipped to provide assistance to disabled vessels and/or submarines. May feature firefighting and towing capability; provide heavy lift capability from ocean depths; and support manned and submersible diving operations.
SatComm/Bandwidth	This segment identifies commercial satellite communications bandwidth that governments lease to augment their military SATCOM systems or as an alternative to them. The commercial SATCOM payloads are not part of the MILCOM forecast, but COTS terminal procurement is in SatComm Terminals and ID/IQ contract vehicles in Network Infrastructure.
SatComm/Payload	This segment identifies Communications systems that are on board Military Communications satellites. Telecommunications as such is not a part of the Military Communications Market Database, and military satellites are covered in the Spacecraft Market. Examples of military Satellite Communications Payloads would be the satellite communications portions of MILSTAR/(AEHF) Advanced EHF, (WGS) Wideband Global System and (MUOS) Mobile User Objective System. If military communications payloads do come to be hosted on commercial satellites, they would appear here. Collocation issues now make that unlikely.
SatComm/Terminals	Satellite Communications Terminals are somewhat like Tactical Terminals in terms of supporting host platforms. SATCOM Terminals are generally hosted on platforms and ground facilities although there are manportable MILSTAR/AEHF terminals. They have modems and function as transceivers for the host’s satellite communications networks. They are the counterpart to Satellite Communications Payloads. Satellite Payloads and the Terminals are frequently referred to as SATCOM networks.
Sealift	Non-combatant vessels used for the transportation of military cargo to areas of operation. Typically commercial cargo and Roll-On/-Roll-Off ships taken up from trade and requiring secure port facilities for loading and off-loading. Also vessels that act as floating warehouses and can transfer cargo to amphibious warfare ships while at sea for onward delivery into the battlefield.
Search/Track/Target	Primarily used to specifically sort out object(s) of interest and to determine their geospatial parameters.
Self-Propelled Artillery (SPA)	These vehicles carry major weapon systems capable of engaging the enemy with indirect fires. The category includes both conventional tubed artillery and multiple-tubed rocket launchers. Towed artillery is explicitly excluded from this category.
Sensor Simulator	Generates simulated sensor data for display and analysis.
Services/Support	Services primarily providing systems engineering, technical assistance, operations management, maintenance, training, sustainment, or scientific and engineering support.
Simulator Support	Activities related to maintaining, repairing, and upgrading a simulator to ensure concurrency between the simulator and its related operational platform. This could include modification or hardware and / or software.
Situational Awareness Data Link	Used primarily to distribute battlefield information updates among various platforms and users. Situational awareness data links typically operate at lower frequencies and longer wavelengths with lower throughput rates and transmit short message sets. Examples include Link 11, Link 16, JTIDS and MIDS.
Space C2	Systems primarily used for resource asset management associated with space operations and systems.
Space Frontiers	Space Systems with a primary purpose of expanding mankind’s knowledge of the extended universe.
Space Transport	Space Systems with a primary purpose of moving passengers, cargo, robots, equipment, supplies or anything else up to or within space environments.
Strategic C2	Systems primarily used for resource asset management associated with strategic operations and forces.
Strategic Comm	Special military communications programs, systems, and products primarily intended for and used in Strategic Command and Control missions and operations. Equipment could be point to point or broadcast, use a variety of frequencies and may use satellite or other means of message distribution. Strategic Communication usually has high security and credential features. Strategic Communication here refers to the nature of the communications as opposed to the distance or range of communications. It typically, however, must have a long distance communications capability which may then require relay nodes, links or other special features.
Surface Search	These are ship or land based radars that scan the surface of the land or sea. In the sea application the radar searches for multiple objects such as ships, small boats, periscopes, coastal and land based objects. In the land based application the radar is searching for vehicles, personnel, and fixed land based objects. The land based radars are also frequently used for coastal maritime surveillance.
Surveillance/Reconnaissance	Primarily used to observe, reconnoiter and possibly identify specific objects within areas of interest.
Survey/Oceanography	Vessels that are used to map the ocean floor and perform acoustical, biological, physical and geophysical surveys to provide data that aids our understanding of oceans and the undersea domain.
Tactical Networks	Tactical Networks represent an extension of tactical terminals that would include larger and different platforms types or ground facility nodes. Tactical Networks provide for the connection of a number of terminals, radios, sensors, and/or command & control systems so that voice, video or data can be quickly and easily transmitted and/or received by a number of users at different locations. Networks can be wireless, hard-wired or a combination of both. Networks can also be Internet in nature and provide a number of subscriber services. Protocols, signals, security, assurance and software compliances across the various nodes are integral parts of Tactical Networks as well as the actual Transmission and Receiver hardware. Their operational ranges are tactical in nature.
Tactical Radios and Terminals	Tactical Radios used to cover the majority of two way tactical communications systems, products and devices intended solely for voice communications. The current generations of these radios now have internal modems and are fully compatible with digital data communications. Even the older versions function as terminals in conjunction with external modems and network management. Tactical Terminals are communication systems, products and devices that can be handheld, hosted by specific platforms or in ground facilities, which then, in turn, have some internal communications distribution system for voice, video and/or data streamed in on tactical terminals.
Tank	This category includes heavy, medium and light tanks, and tracked “tank-killers”. These vehicles mount a high caliber turreted gun capable of engaging other tanks.
Tanker	Aircraft equipped to carry and execute in-flight re-fueling for other aircraft in order to extend their operational range and endurance.
Target	Unmanned aerial device which emulates aircraft and/or missile threats. Targets are used to assess the performance of land, sea, or air based air defense weapon/sensor systems, or in the training of land, sea, or air based air defense forces.
Torpedo Tube	a tube used to launch self-contained, self-sustaining, underwater weapons that have range, azimuth and elevation vectoring, maneuvering and target seeking/discrimination means, along with a warhead and fuzing.
Trainer	Equipment used in military exercises and as flight trainers/simulators.
Training	Vessels used for training ships’ crew that are equipped with systems essential to provide instruction in modern seamanship, navigation and the proper and safe operation of ships’ equipment.
Transport	Aircraft primarily used to transport personnel and cargo.
Utility	A system designed to serve a variety of intermixed differing roles and which would not normally be justified by performing any one of those roles alone.
Warning Receiver	Primarily passive countermeasures systems that provide warning signals related to attacking systems.
Weapon Simulator	Used to simulate a weapons system or train operators on the weapons systems of a specific platform. Example: MILES SLM (Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement Simulation Shoulder Launched Munitions), Stryker mobile gun system trainer.
Multiple	This category includes any instance when the record involves more than one functional segmentation category.
Other	This category is used when the record cannot be explicitly described by another functional segmentation category.
Research & Technology	Broad based and general technology.
Unidentified R&D	A modeled estimate of R&D Sales not yet identified.

Air and Missile Defense Subsystems

Blended market subsystems